Country Guide

PERU

Ancient civilizations, soaring Andes, vast Amazon rainforest, world-class cuisine, and one of the most iconic archaeological sites on earth — all in a single destination.

Machu Picchu Inca citadel with Huayna Picchu rising above the clouds, Peru
Children in traditional Andean dress smiling with a llama near Cusco, Peru
Winding river through lush jungle valleys on the edge of the Amazon, Peru

Overview

THE LAYERED CONTINENT

Few destinations in the world offer the range, depth, and mystery of Peru.

From the soaring Andes to the vast Amazon rainforest and the stark beauty of its Pacific desert coast, Peru delivers one of the most diverse travel experiences anywhere in Latin America. It’s a country where ancient civilizations, colonial history, and modern culture intersect in powerful ways.

Travelers come for icons like Machu Picchu and the enigmatic Nazca Lines, but stay for everything in between — Amazon river expeditions, world-class cuisine, vibrant indigenous markets, and dramatic landscapes that shift quickly from ocean to jungle to high-altitude peaks.

Whether you’re exploring the former Inca capital of Cusco, cruising the Amazon from Iquitos, or dining in cosmopolitan Lima, Peru offers a depth of experience that rewards both first-time visitors and seasoned travelers.

Best for travelers who want ancient history, diverse landscapes, world-class cuisine, and authentic cultural encounters — all in one extraordinary destination.

Geography

WHERE EVERYTHING IS

Peru spans three strikingly different worlds: the narrow Pacific desert coast, the high Andean spine with Cusco at its center, and the vast Amazon basin that covers nearly 60% of the country. Click any marker to see what’s there.

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Why Go

WHAT MAKES PERU EXTRAORDINARY

Ancient Civilizations

From the Inca Empire to the Nazca, Moche, and Chimú — Peru holds more layers of pre-Columbian history than almost anywhere on earth.

Culinary Capital

Lima has become one of the world’s top food cities, with a cuisine built on extraordinary biodiversity and centuries of cultural fusion.

Landscape Diversity

Ocean desert, Andean highlands, cloud forest, and Amazon rainforest — no other country in Latin America offers terrain this varied in one trip.

Amazon Access

Peru’s Amazon basin is among the most biodiverse regions on earth, with accessible lodge and river expedition options from Iquitos and Puerto Maldonado.

Living Indigenous Culture

From the Uros floating islands of Lake Titicaca to Andean markets in the Sacred Valley, traditional cultures remain deeply connected to their past.

Adventure

Trekking, rafting, mountain biking, and high-altitude climbing in the Andes make Peru one of South America’s premier adventure destinations.

Top Experiences

PLAN AROUND EXPERIENCES, NOT JUST REGIONS

Machu Picchu

One of the most extraordinary archaeological sites in the world — perched high in the Andes, remarkably intact, and endlessly fascinating. Come early, stay late.

Nazca Lines

One of archaeology’s great mysteries — vast geoglyphs etched into the desert, best seen from a light aircraft flight over the pampa.

Amazon Expeditions

River cruises and jungle lodges from Iquitos or Puerto Maldonado offer exceptional wildlife viewing, including some of the most biodiverse ecosystems on earth.

Cusco & the Sacred Valley

The former Inca capital, surrounded by fortress ruins, colonial churches, and ancient towns like Pisac and Ollantaytambo just down the valley.

Lima’s Food Scene

From street ceviche to internationally acclaimed restaurants, Lima is one of the world’s great culinary cities — worth a full two to three days on its own.

Lake Titicaca

The world’s highest navigable lake, shared with Bolivia, home to the remarkable floating reed islands of the Uros people and an atmosphere unlike anywhere else.

Andean Trekking

The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu is the classic, but the Cordillera Blanca near Huaraz offers world-class high-altitude trekking with fewer crowds.

Kuélap & the North

Often called the “other Machu Picchu,” this massive pre-Inca fortress in the cloud forest remains far less visited and deeply impressive.

Timing

WHEN TO VISIT PERU

Andes & Machu Picchu

May to October is the dry season in the highlands — clearer skies, drier trails, and the best conditions for Machu Picchu and Cusco.

Amazon Basin

Year-round, with different advantages each season. High water (Nov–May) makes river travel easier; low water (Jun–Oct) concentrates wildlife along banks.

Lima & the Coast

The coast is mild year-round but overcast in southern winter. December to April brings the best sun to Lima and the coast.

Altitude Note

Cusco sits above 11,000 ft and Puno above 12,500 ft. Build in at least one to two days at altitude before major activity. Altitude sickness is real — plan accordingly.

Travel Essentials

FACTS & PRACTICAL DETAILS

Main Airport Code
LIM — Lima (Jorge Chávez International). Domestic hubs in Cusco (CUZ), Arequipa (AQP), and Iquitos (IQT).
Entry Requirements
U.S. travelers need a valid passport. No visa required for most short stays. Always verify current entry rules before departure.
Currency
Peruvian Sol (PEN). Credit cards widely accepted in cities; ATMs readily available. Carry cash for rural and market areas.
Tipping
Restaurants often include a 10% service charge. Add extra for exceptional service. Tip guides and drivers directly in cash.
Food
World-class cuisine. Must-try: ceviche, anticuchos, papas a la huancaína, lomo saltado, and the national cocktail — pisco sour.
Shopping
Alpaca and llama textiles, handwoven rugs, silver and gold jewelry, indigenous crafts. Best markets in Cusco, Pisac, and Lima’s Miraflores district.
Phone Code
Country code: +51.
Getting Around
Domestic flights connect Lima to Cusco, Arequipa, Iquitos, and Puerto Maldonado. Trains run Cusco to Machu Picchu (Aguas Calientes). Rural travel is slow — plan generously.

Key Areas

THREE WORLDS IN ONE COUNTRY

Peru divides naturally into three distinct zones — each with its own geography, culture, and character. Most travelers mix two or three on a single trip.

Lima & the Desert Coast

The capital blends colonial history with modern energy. Highlights include the Plaza de Armas, the Larco Museum, and coastal neighborhoods like Miraflores and San Isidro. South of Lima: Paracas (marine reserve and the Candelabra geoglyph), Ica (pisco country and massive dunes), Nazca (the Lines), and Trujillo (Chan Chan, the largest adobe city in the Americas).

Cusco & the Andean Highlands

The former Inca capital is the gateway to Machu Picchu and the Sacred Valley towns of Pisac and Ollantaytambo. Further afield: Puno and Lake Titicaca (the floating islands of the Uros), Arequipa (the White City, set beneath El Misti volcano), Huaraz (gateway to the Cordillera Blanca), and Kuélap in the cloud forest north.

The Amazon Basin

Nearly 60% of Peru is Amazon rainforest. Iquitos — the largest city in the world inaccessible by road — is the gateway for river cruises and jungle lodges in the north. Puerto Maldonado gives access to Tambopata National Reserve and Manu National Park in the south, considered some of the best wildlife habitat in the entire Amazon.

Parks & Wildlife

PROTECTED LANDS & NATURAL WONDERS

Peru’s protected areas range from high-altitude Andean peaks to cloud forests and one of the most biodiverse corners of the Amazon basin — a natural world on a scale few countries can match.

Manu National Park

A UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most biodiverse places on earth, spanning cloud forest to lowland Amazon. Accessible from Cusco via Puerto Maldonado.

Tambopata National Reserve

A southern Amazon reserve near Puerto Maldonado, known for exceptional wildlife: macaws, giant river otters, caimans, monkeys, and hundreds of bird species.

Huascarán National Park

A UNESCO-listed park in the Cordillera Blanca near Huaraz, home to Peru’s highest peak and some of South America’s finest high-altitude trekking.

Paracas National Reserve

A coastal desert reserve protecting marine life, seabird colonies, and the dramatic Ballestas Islands — and the site of the mysterious Candelabra geoglyph.

Lake Titicaca

The world’s highest navigable lake at over 12,500 ft, shared with Bolivia. Home to the Uros floating islands and the island communities of Taquile and Amantaní.

Amazon River System

The headwaters of the Amazon begin in Peru. The vast river network around Iquitos offers some of the most remote and rewarding wildlife expeditions in South America.

Adventure Tours

FEATURED PERU ADVENTURES

Peru is where Jim Woodman III made history flying a balloon over the Nazca Lines. Jim Woodman IV has trekked it, rafted it, and explored its Amazon. These are the tours they consider essential.

The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu

The classic 4-day trek through cloud forest and Inca ruins to the Sun Gate above Machu Picchu. Permits sell out months in advance — planning is essential. Alternative routes also available.

Best for: Trekkers · Duration: 4–7 days

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Amazon River Lodge Expedition

From Iquitos or Puerto Maldonado, into some of the most biodiverse rainforest on earth. Pink river dolphins, giant otters, piranha fishing, night canoeing, and indigenous community visits.

Best for: Nature lovers · Duration: 4–8 days

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Nazca Lines Flight & Desert Coast

A light aircraft flight over the Nazca Lines — the geoglyphs Jim Woodman III proved could be seen from the air. Combined with Paracas reserve and Ballestas Islands. A deeply personal trip for our team.

Best for: All travelers · Duration: 2–3 days

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Sacred Valley & Cusco Deep Dive

Beyond Machu Picchu: market days at Pisac, the fortress at Ollantaytambo, Andean cooking classes, mountain biking descents from the passes, and the quieter side of Cusco’s Inca heritage.

Best for: Culture & adventure mix · Duration: 5–9 days

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Our vetted Peru operator directory launches June 2026. Contact us now and we’ll personally connect you with the right operator for your trip.

Ask Jim & Jane

Peru rewards depth over speed. The best trips combine Cusco, Machu Picchu, and Lima — with at least one more region added: the Amazon, Lake Titicaca, the Nazca coast, or the cloud forests of the north.

Ask Jim About Peru